Arithmetic
Topic - Profit and Loss
1. A trader used to make 5% profit on an item by selling it at the usual marked price. One day, he tripled the marked price of the item and finally offered a discount of 30%. Find the percentage profit he made on the item that day.
(a) 120.5% (c) 94.5% 2015 (b) 100% (d) None of these
2. A shopkeeper sold 10 items, all of which are of the same cost price, such that profit percentage on no two items is the same. The profits made on the given items were in an arithmetic progression. If the profit percentage of the item the selling price of which is 4th highest and the item the selling price of which is 7th highest were 13 % and 10 % respectively, find the profit percentage on the whole.
(a) 11.5% (b) 12% (c) 12.5% (d) Data insufficient 2016
3. The percentage profit earned by selling an article at Rs.1,920 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by selling the same article at Rs.1,280. At what price (in Rs.) should the article be sold to make a profit of 25%? (TITA)
4. The manufacturer of a table sells it to a wholesale dealer at a profit of 10%. The wholesale dealer sells the table to a retailer at a profit of 30%. Finally, the retailer sells it to a customer at a profit of 50%. If the customer pays Rs.4290 for the table, then its manufacturing cost (in Rs) is (TITA)
5. Mayank buys some candies for Rs.15 a dozen and an equal number of different candies for Rs.12 a dozen. He sells all for Rs.16.50 a dozen and makes a profit of Rs.150. How many dozens of candies did he buy altogether?
(a) 50 (b) 30 (c) 25 (d) 45
Solutions
- A 2. A 3. 2000 4. B 5. A
1. a. Let the cost price of the item be Rs 100
Earlier marked price= Rs 105.
On that day, 30% discount is offered on Rs 3 ×105= Rs 315
Thus, new selling price= Rs 220.50
New Profit percentage= 120.50%.
2.a. If the profit amounts are in A.P then the profit % ages are also in an A.P.
If P4 = 13% and P7 = 10% then P5 = 12% and P6 = 11%.
Average of the middle terms will give the profit % on the whole i.e. (11 + 12)/2 = 11.5 %
3. 2000
Let the C.P. of the article be Rs.x.
= 
1920 – x= x – 1280
2x= 3200
x= 1600
Hence, to make a profit of 25%, the S.P. = 125% of 1600 = Rs.2,000.
4. b. Let the CP be x.
∴x 
= 4290
x =2000
5. a. Let he buys one dozen candies of each type IInd type
Total C.P. = Rs. 7
S.P. = Rs. 33
Profit = Rs. 6
For getting profit of Rs. 50
He must sold 50 dozens
